International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources
IJ-FANRes is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly and scientific open access, open-source journal on the science and technology of Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources. Our aim is to encourage Professors, Researchers, and Students to publish their experimental and theoretical research, along with the full set of schematics, and methodological aspects to accelerate and rapid dissemination of leading-edge technologies emerging in Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources in developing countries. Frequency: 4 issues per year Online Publication Date: Last date of March, June, September, and December https://televisiontrainwreck.com/product-category/accessories/
Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS
The Effect of Variations in Baker’s Yeast Concentration and Fermentation Time on The Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO
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Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Mention"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Smart Hyperlink"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Hashtag"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Unresolved Mention"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Smart Link"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <![endif]-->Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a processed coconut product with high economic value because it has better nutritional content than regular coconut oil. One efficient method of producing VCO is fermentation, but the use of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) often produces inconsistent results. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in baker’s yeast concentration, fermentation time, and the interaction between the two on the yield and physicochemical properties of VCO. The study was conducted using a complete randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was baker’s yeast concentration (0%, 1.5%, and 3% w/v), and the second factor was fermentation time (24, 48, and 72 hours). The parameters observed included yield, moisture content, density, viscosity, and free fatty acid (FFA). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the interaction of treatment had a significant effect on FFA content, but no significant effect on yield and density. The single factor of fermentation time had a very significant effect on moisture content and a significant effect on viscosity, where longer fermentation times (48-72 hours) tended to reduce the physical quality of the oil. Based on the principle of efficiency, the best treatment was fermentation for 24 hours without yeast addition, as it produced a statistically equivalent yield to the other treatments but with better preserved physical quality.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <w:LsdException L
Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring Meliala
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources
Optimizing Local Balinese Salacca Waste from Religious Ceremonies and Pitaya Peel into Innovative and Commercial Functional Food Products
Food waste generated from household consumption and religious ceremonies in Bali, particularly pitaya peel and Balinese salacca, presents significant potential for conversion into value-added functional food products. This study aims to develop and evaluate fruit leather formulated from Balinese salacca fruit combined with pitaya peel puree as an innovative and sustainable product. The design used in this study was a Randomized Group Design (RGD) with five treatment levels, containing 10–50% pitaya peel puree. The parameters observed were sensory characteristics, and the best treatment was followed by moisture content, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, vitamin C, and total sugar. The results showed that fruit leather containing 40% pitaya peel puree achieved the highest overall acceptance. This formulation exhibited a moisture content of 11.74%, antioxidant activity of 50.07%, total phenolic content of 10.78 mg GAE/g, vitamin C content of 4.02 mg AAE/g, and total sugar of 50.39%, meeting the Indonesian National Standard for dried sweet products. The high antioxidant activity is attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds and vitamin C derived from both raw materials. Overall, salacca-pitaya peel fruit leather demonstrates strong potential as a local functional food that supports food waste valorization, environmental sustainability, and the utilization of local resources
Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Liquid Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Production of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Sunflowers are economically valuable plants that have been introduced and cultivated in Indonesia. The use of appropriate fertilizers plays a crucial role in enhancing plant growth and yield. This study aimed to study the impact of NPK and POC fertilizers on the growth and yield of sunflowers. The experiment was conducted from February to May 2025 in the UG Carte UG Technopark. A factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors: NPK fertilizer doses (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g/plant) and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) doses (0, 5, and 10 ml/L). Each treatment was replicated three times. Each treatment unit consisted of four plants, resulting in a total of 180 experimental units. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the SAS System for Windows 9.0. When significant differences were detected at P < 0.05, Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed at a 5% significance level. The results showed that NPK fertilizer significantly increased plant height at 4–8 weeks after planting (WAP), number of leaves at 4 and 6 WAP, stem diameter at 4–10 WAP, leaf area, flower diameter, tubular floret diameter, number of ribbon florets, number of seeds per flower, and seed weight per flower. In contrast, LOF treatment did not significantly affect sunflower growth or yield, and no interaction was observed between NPK and LOF treatments on these parameters.
Measuring Farm-Level Technical, Allocative, and Economic Efficiency in Jute Production: A DEA Application in Southern Bangladesh
Jute production plays a major part in the economy of Bangladesh by supporting over 25 million people employed in cultivation and processing, which contributes considerably to export revenues. While earlier studies have concentrated on either technical or economic efficiency separately, the present study contributes to the field by jointly estimating technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies applying a two-stage DEA-Tobit technique. A sample size of 360 from the district Faridpur which is nationally known for high-quality jute production that makes it a critical focus point has been chosen as the area of the present study. The paper also suggests that its results may serve as benchmarks that apply to comparable agroecological zones in South Asia. On average, technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies of the farms were found to be 0.87, 0.93 and 0.82 respectively, whereas their present inefficiencies are 12.4%, 17.7%, and 6.3%. Although TE and AE are 87.6% and 93.7% respectively, farmers are inefficient in obtaining the optimum level of output. Therefore, farmers may produce a specified amount of output at the lowest feasible cost by decreasing the cost of jute production by 17.7%, given the available resources. Moreover, a second-stage Tobit regression employed in the present study has demonstrated that farm-specific factors such as age, family size, education level, farming experience, land size, kind of seed, and the profession of the head of the household, etc. all have a substantial influence on the efficiency of the farms. These findings, plus the second-stage Tobit regression that links efficiency to farm-specific factors, give empirical insights for targeted agricultural policy and rural poverty reduction, therefore attracting the educated young to choose agriculture as a career option. The research thereby fills a vacuum in multi-dimensional efficiency studies and facilitates both regional and international development policies.Â
Effects of Humic Acid and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Soil degradation and low nutrient availability remain major constraints in soybean production. The use of organic amendments such as humic acid and biological agents such as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been widely promoted as a sustainable strategy to improve soil quality and crop productivity [1], [2]. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dosages of humic acid and PGPR on the growth and yield components of soybean (Glycine max L.) var. Dering 1. The experiment was conducted from September to December 2024 at the Agrotechnopark, University of Jember, using a randomized complete block design with three treatments (0, 10, and 20 mg) and five replications. Observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, and number of pods. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that humic acid at 10 mg significantly increased plant height, while the 20 mg dosage enhanced branch and pod formation. PGPR application showed a dose-dependent response, with the 20 mg treatment producing the highest values for all observed parameters. These findings indicate that humic acid and PGPR improve soybean growth through different mechanisms and have strong potential to support sustainable soybean cultivation.
Anthracnose Disease in common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): Perspectives, Management Practices and Breeding for Resistance in the sub-Saharan Africa.
Abstract­---Anthracnose disease, inflicted by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, remains among the most devastating disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the SSA, where production is challenged by high pathogen diversity, recurrent epidemics, and limited access to clean seed. This review synthesizes current perspectives on pathogen biology, epidemiology, and virulence complexity in SSA, emphasizing the predominance of highly variable races that challenge durable resistance. Existing management practices, including cultural measures, biological and chemical methods. These offer partial and often inconsistent control due to resource limitations and the pathogen’s rapid spread. Consequently, Host Plant Resistance (HPR) remains the foundation for sustainable anthracnose management. We critically examine progress in breeding programs in the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), highlighting the introgression and pyramiding of major Co resistance genes through conventional crossing, backcrossing, and increasingly, MAS approaches. However, the durability of these resistance genes is threatened by emerging virulent strains, narrow genetic bases in breeding pipelines, and inconsistent phenotyping environments across national breeding programs. Opportunities for improvement include strengthening race characterization, exploiting Andean–Mesoamerican diversity, integrating genomic selection, and harmonizing regional screening networks. Overall, effective mitigation of anthracnose in SSA will require coordinated breeding efforts, improved seed systems, and the deployment of diversified and locally adapted resistant cultivars. Keywords--Anthracnose, Common bean, SSA, Genomic selection, HPR